Cockroach Swarm Optimization for Side Lobe Level Reduction in Linear Array Antenna

In this work, the cockroach swarm optimization (CSO) technique was investigated for its potential to reduce side lobe levels of an array linear antennae. This is applied antenna synthesis first time by authors. Variations in excitation phase, number elements, and inter-element spacing were also determine their effects on antenna's level (SLL). The objective work optimize distance strength signal using Cockroach Swarm Optimization. order achieve goal, function developed optimizing parameters. MatLab used generate algorithm. Excitation amplitude, spacing, phase are optimal parameters that considered. research findings show minimized at 0.5, which tandem with results obtained from literature another analytical numerical approach. proposed CSO algorithm achieves peak SLL values -13.10, -17.26, -24.14, -28.05 dB uniform when 4, 8, 12, 16 elements selected, respectively. Minimum HPBW 15 degrees, 11 9 7 degrees. Not only lobes reduced, but beam's breadth drastically reduced 15%. diameter narrowed increased directivity while sidelobe decreased. For N=16, decreased 1.29 dB, 2° compared particle optimization. case N = reductions 0.8 seen. both decrease 16. Also, N=4, SSL= -17.1, HPBW=15°, N=8, SSL=-19.1 HPBW=12°. may find application creating low-processing-burden smart design.